Credits
The Twig Science Reporter team would like to thank the following organisations for their contributions:
- BBC
- BBC Motion Gallery
- BBC Worldwide
- Getty Images
- Science Photo Library
- NASA
Get Your Boarding Pass… For The Moon!
NASA
Inhaler Helps Giraffe Breathe Easy
- The Zoological Society of East Anglia
Satellite Measures Forests From Space
- European Space Agency - ESA
A Whole Lot of Lunar Landings!
- NASA/Firefly Aerospace
- NASA/Michelle Stone
- Intuitive Machines
- ispace
Meet Mr. Tornado
- Hanna Holborn Gray Special Collections Research Center, University of Chicago Library
Biodiversity Day
- Nippon Foundation-Nekton Ocean Census
Dino Footprints Found in School
- Dr Anthony Romilio / The University of Queensland
- Biloela State High School
Planning the Next Moon Landings
- NASA/JSC
- NASA/Joel Kowsky
- NASA/Glenn Benson & Cory Huston
Earth Day 2025
- Vattenfall
ISS Astronauts Return to Earth
- NASA
Seeds Added to Global Seed Vault
- LM Salazar / Crop Trust
World's Largest Iceberg Runs Aground
- Map data from OpenStreetMap
Robotic Glove Boosts Piano Practice
- Shinichi Furuya et al., Surmounting the ceiling effect of motor expertise by novel sensory experience with a hand exoskeleton. Science Robotics, 10, eadn3802 (2025). DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.adn3802
Severe Weather Hits United States
- NOAA
Saturn's Rings Disappear
- Saturn near Opposition, June 2017. D. Peach, E. Kraaikamp, F. Colas, M. Delcroix, R. Hueso, G. Therin, C. Sprianu, S2P, IMCCE, OMP
Southern California Wildfires
- Map data from OpenStreetMap
Top Science Stories 2024
- Courtesy of Schmidt Ocean Institute
- Dr. Lauren Stanton (University of California Berkeley)
- Kyle Spradley (University of Wyoming)
- Kirk Murray (photos) / University of Iowa Office of the State Archaeologist (OSA)
- Miramar Events
- 2024 Safeway World Championship Pumpkin Weigh-Off
- NASA
- The Earthshot Prize
- The South Australian Research and Development Institute (Aquatic Sciences) and The University of Adelaide
- Marine Mammal Research Program (MMRP) at UH Hawaiʻi Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB) and Alaska Whale Foundation.
- TOWT / Ronan Gladu
- Urban et al. / Current Biology.
- Virtual Incision
Life Under the Ocean Crust
- Courtesy of Schmidt Ocean Institute
COP29
- Sky News
- BBC
- NBC Universal Media
Giant Pumpkins!
- Miramar Events
- 2024 Safeway World Championship Pumpkin Weigh-Off
Hurricanes Helene and Milton
- NOAA
Helping to see the colors of fall
- Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation
Space Exploration, spelling & surgery!
- NASA/JPL-Caltech
- USGS/NASA Landsat
- Virtual Incision
Clever Raccoons and Astrophotography
- Dr. Lauren Stanton (University of California Berkeley)
- Kyle Spradley (University of Wyoming)
- National Maritime Museum
- Tom Williams
- Daniele Borsari
- Gábor Balázs
- Xin Feng and Miao Gong
- Tom Rae
A sailing cargo ship
- TOWT
- Alexandru Enache
- Ronan Gladu
- Jose Mendez
- HAROPA Port
- Ports America
Ocean Secrets Revealed
- The South Australian Research and Development Institute (Aquatic Sciences)
- The University of Adelaide
- Marine Mammal Research Program (MMRP) at UH Hawaiʻi Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB)
- Alaska Whale Foundation.
- Kirk Murray (photos) / University of Iowa Office of the State Archaeologist(OSA)
- Sean Grasso, seancine.com
Corn sweat and soil sounds
- Flinders University – Traci Klarenbeek
- Jake Robinson
- Baker Consultants Ltd
Storms, swarms, and 2024 so far
- Sean Grasso, seancine.com
- Intuitive Machines
- NASA / SpaceX
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida
- Jaimi Gray Schmidt Ocean Institute
- San Diego Wildlife Alliance
- James D. Tiller and James Di Loreto, Brittany M. Hance, Smithsonian. Phillip R. Lee.
An amazing aurora borealis display
- NASA/SDO
- NOAA
Endangered Species Day
- NASA’s Earth Observatory Laumer et al.
- 2024 Scientific Reports & Safruddin, Armas Fitra, Ulil Azhari, Adami & TNGL & KLHK & MPI & UNAS & YEL
Robots and Drones
- University of Glasgow
- Carnegie Mellon University
- Advanced Navigation
Swiftiequake, California Condor, Robodog
- San Diego Wildlife Alliance
- Sean Grasso, seancine.com
- NASA/JPL-Caltech/Scientific Visualization Studio
Cicada-palooza and Flying Insects
- Nature Communications
- Samuel T. Fabian
- Nash Sondhi
- Pablo E. Allen
- Jamie C. Theobald
- Huai-Ti Lin
Earth Day
- Shawn Miller
- © Copyright CSIRO Australia
NYC Earthquake, Blossoms, and Clever Dogs
- EarthCam
- CBS Broadcasting Inc.
- FOX31 KDVR
- Eötvös Loránd University
- Marianna Boros
- Miklós Zsámba
- Oszkár Dániel Gáti
Bumblebees, Coral Reefs, and VR
- Queen Mary University of London
- Dr Alice Bridges
- Ocean Culture Life
- MARS
- Ines Lange
- ESA - European Space Agency
Digital Library of Museum Collections
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida
- Jaimi Gray
- Daniel J Paluh
- Zach Randall
- Ed Stanley
Whale sounds and sea life discoveries
- Tecumseh Fitch, University of Vienna
- Coen P.H. Elemans, University of Southern Denmark
- Patricia Jaqueline Matic
- Schmidt Ocean Institute
- NOAA
A Historic Landing on the Moon
- Intuitive Machines
- NASA / SpaceX
Dinosaurs
- Oxford University Museum of Natural History
- Yale University
- Yale Peabody Museum
- Bayla Arietta
- Manafzadeh, A.R., Gatesy, S.M. & Bhullar, BA.S., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-44832-z
- Seoul National University
- Park, J., Son, M., Park, J. et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-50225-x
Iceland's Volcanic Eruptions
- LiveFromIceland.is
Black History Month
- US National Archives
- Defense Visual Information Distribution Service
- NASA
Final flight for NASA's Ingenuity
- NASA
- JPL-Caltech
- ASU
- MSSS
Extreme Winter Storms Hit the US
- NASA-JPL
- Caltech
- NOAA
- ABC News
- CBS News
Hummingbirds in Tight Spaces
- Game-Changing Landing System: Skyryse
- Hummingbirds in Tight Spaces: Marc Badger/UC Berkeley
- Shape Changing Fabric Massachusetts: Institute of Technology (MIT) https://doi.org/10.1145/3586183.3606732
Fossil Robot
- Buried Treasure Ministero della cultura Euclid Telescope ESA – European Space Agency ESA/Euclid/Euclid Consortium/NASA, image processing by J.-C. Cuillandre (CEA Paris-Saclay), G. Anselmi, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO
- Fossil Robot Carnegie Mellon University College of Engineering
New Coral Reefs
- New Food Experience: Monash University
- New Coral Reefs: Schmidt Ocean Institute
- Antarctic Drone: Windracers
Solar Eclipse
- Solar Eclipse: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center
- Human ExoskeletonSuit: Wandercraft
- Unreadable Scroll: University of Kentucky
Fossilized Footprints
- Fossilized human footprints: Courtesy of the National Park Service.
- TidyBot: Jimmy WuKurt Hickman/Stanford University
- Dark matter / World’s Largest Digital Camera, Olivier Bonin/SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, KPNO/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA
Record-Breaking Astronaut
- OSIRIS-REx Capsule NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/Conceptual Image Lab/Scientific Visualization Studio
- Record-Breaking Astronaut MBRSC NASA
- Staying Strong in Space Canadian Space Agency ESA - European Space Agency NASA
New World Heritage Sites
- 3-D Printed Food: Revo Foods
- Nesting Octopuses: MBARI (Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute)
Morocco Earthquake
- WindWings: © 2023 Cargill, Incorporated. © 2023 Yara Marine Technologies. © BAR Technologies Ltd
- Coral Robots: Autodesk, Coral Maker, Tim Campbell
Giraffe Surgery
- AI Racing Drone: University of Zurich, Robotics and Perception Group
- Giraffe Surgery: Ron Magill / Zoo Miami
- Wearable Sat Nav: Rice University
Brain Implant Technology
- Robots Build Homes: ICON
- Sea Urchins Lose Grip: Syracuse University’s College of Arts and Sciences
- Brain Implant Technology: Chang Lab / Pete Bell
Chandrayaan-3 Moon Mission
- Moon Landing: Isro
- Life Under Vents: Schmidt Ocean Institute
Sneaky Fish
- Strawberry Picking Robot: Organifarms GmbH
- Sneaky Fish: Sam Matchette / University of Cambridge
Super Blue Moon
- Pyramid Wind Turbine: X1 Wind
Canada Wildfires
- Moley Robotic Kitchen: Moley Robotics
- Canada Wildfires: BC Wildfire Service
- Saildrone: Courtesy Saildrone
Construction Robot
- Space Tourism: NASA / Virgin Galactic
- Deep Sea Mining: DeepCCZ expedition / SMARTEX Project, Natural Environment Research Council, UK smartexccz.org / ROV Isis, SMARTEX Project, Natural Environment Research Council, UK
- Construction Robot: Built Robotics
Paralyzed Man Walks
- Rolling Bridge: Bridge designer Thomas Randall-Page, film by Jim Stephenson and Nyima Murry
- Rewilding Tasmanian Devils: Aussie Ark
- Paralyzed Man Walks: NeuroRestore
Space Junk Art
- Space Junk Art: Max Alexander
- Whale Sand Scrub: Jan-Olaf Meynecke, Johan Gustafon, David E.Cade / CNRS-Acoustic Communications team and Cetamada
- Robot Arms:The information Somatics Lab / Prototyping & Design Laboratory, University of Tokyo JST ERATO INAMI JIZAI-BODY PROJECT
Shell Helmet
- New Weather Satelite: ESA / Mlabspace /Eumetsat
- Shell Helmet: Koushi Chemical Industry TBWA\HAKUHODO
- VR Glove: Bifrost
The Earth in Ultra-HD
- The Earth in Ultra-HD: NASA
- Helpful Fish Poop: Rice University
- Toy Brick 3-D Printer: Cardiff University
A Portable Wind Turbine
- Parrot Calls: Rebecca Kleinberger, Jennifer Cunha, Megha M Vemuri, Ilyena Hirskyj-Douglas
- Portable Wind Turbine: Aura Technologies Inc
- Experiment Capsule: Gravitilab | Nasa
Juice Blasts Off
- Juice Blasts Off: ESA / Juice / JMC
- Seawing: Airseas / PolRYSE / Ville de Bordeaux, Louis Dreyfus Amateurs
- 3-D Printed Arm: Unlimited Tomorrow Inc
Artemis II Crew Revealed
- Artemis Crew Revealed: NASA
- DribbleBot: Mike Grimmett/ MIT CSAIL
- Snailfish: The University of Western Australia | NQAA
A New Spacesuit
- New Spacesuit: NASA / Axiom Space / Manny Jawa
- Fostered Cheetah Club: Zoos SA
- Self-Burying Seed Carriers: Carnegie Mellon University
Baby Weedy Seadragons
- Robot Sculptor: Robotor / Filippo Tincolni and Giacomo Massari
- Baby Weedy Seadragons: Birch Aquarium at Scripps Institution of Oceanography at UC San Diego
- Drone Delivery: Wing
Rising Wolf Numbers
- 3-D Printed Heart: Melanie Gonrick / MIT
- Rising Wolf Numbers:INBO/ANB
- Mushroom Surfboard: BBC Wales News / Steve davis
Endangered Insects
- X-AR Headset: MIT Media L:ab / Signal Kinetics
- Endangered Insects: Levon bliss / M. Shanley AMNH
- 3-D Printed Basketball: Wilson Sporting Goods / EOS
Baby Dancing Lemur
- Trash Bot: Courtesy of AMP Robotics
- Baby Dancing Lemur: ©Chester Zoo
- Future Farming: Interstellar Lab | Dassault Systèmes
Cockatoo Tools
- Snakebot: Northeastern University
- Cockatoo Tools: Osuna-Mascaró et al
- Synthetic Skin: Brandon Martin / Rice University
Recording Polar Sounds
- Earthquake Rescue: Earthquake Help Project
- Polar Sounds: Cities and Memory
- Robot Painter: Carnegie Mellon University
A New Way to Land Planes
- Selfie Bear: City of Boulder
Light Pollution Levels Rise
- Racecars: Indy Autonomous Challenge
- Shapeshifting Robot: Matter/Wang and Pan et al.
Spotting Walruses from Space
- 3-D Printing: Natalie Larson, Lewis Lab at Harvard University
- Walruses: WWF-UK / British Antarctic Survey / Maxar
- Robot Technology: Boston Dynamics
Protecting Indian Rhinos
- Ozone Layer: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center / Jefferson Beck
- Drops of Life: Angel Fitor
The Secrets of Frog Camouflage
- Collecting Plants:Outreach Robotics / Ben Nyberg - NTBG
- Frog Camouflage: Duke University / Carlos Taboada / Jesse Delia et al. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abl6620
- Winter on Mars: NASA / JPL-Caltech / University of Arizona
Melting Ice Threatens Penguins
- Nature Drones -
Imperial College London
Empa
Yusuf Furkan Kaya
Aerial Robotics Laboratory - Travel Machine - BeTRITON
Testing a Space Balloon
- Space Balloon - NASA/JPL-Caltech/Near Space Corporation/ESA
NASA Hits an Asteroid
- Asteroid Hit - NASA
- Hurricane Ian - Nick Underwood / NOAA NASA Earth Observatory / Joshua Stevens
- Rare Turtles - © Bronx Zoo
Counting the World's Ants
- Plastic Pollution - Plastic Fischer GmbH
- Black Hole Sound - NASA/CXC/SAO/K.Arcand, SYSTEM Sounds (M. Russo, A. Santaguida)
NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center/Jeremy Schnittman/Scott Wiessinger
Brittanny Taylor Photography
Building Artificial Reefs
- Artificial Reefs - Ørsted WWF Denmark
- Drone Photo Awards - DRONE PHOTO AWARDS 2022
- Mehdi Mohebipour
- Denise Azuelos
- Hristo Dimitrov
- Enrico Pescantini
- Florian Ledoux
- Satti Mohammed
- Armand Sarlangue
To the Moon and Back
- Space Balloon - NASA/JPL-Caltech/Near Space Corporation/ESA
NASA Probe Reaches the Sun
- Solar Giraffe- Foundation Carlos Morgado Legitness Moz
- Sun Probe - NASA/Johns Hopkins APL
- Dinosaur Egg - Lida Xing
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004221014875
Illustrations of Oviraptorids - Masato Hattori
Illustration of Oviraptorid embryo within egg - Julius Csotonyi
A Floating City Planned for South Korea
- Artificial Muscles - Clone Incorporated (Automaton Robotics)
- Mushroom Leather - MycoWorks
Jesse Green
Laura Gutierrez
Picklap Films
Octopuses Classified as Sentient
- Floating City - OCEANIX BIG-Bjarke Ingels Group
- Asteroid Mission - NASA / JHU Applied Physics Laboratory
- Jelly Ice Cubes - UC Davis
Sea Turtles Make a Comeback
- Sea Turtles - Projeto Biodiversidade
- Transforming Jeans - IKEA Mud Jeans International
- Winter Weather - NOAA
Transforming the Streets of Paris
- Reviving Paris -
- ©PCA-STREAM Gustafson Porter and Bowman
- Skateboarding Robot - California Institute of Technology (Cal Tech), DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.abf8136
- Wildlife Photography -
- ©Pal Marchhart, Peek-a-boo
- ©Dawn Wilson, Shaking Off 2020
- ©Sarosh Lodhi, Dancing Away to Glory
- ©Arthur Trevino, Ninja Prairie Dog!
- ©Jan Piecha, Chinese whispers
- ©Gurumoorthy K, The Green Stylist
- ©Philipp Stahr, Sweet lips are for kissing!
- ©Martina Novotna, Mr. Giggles
A New Underwater Sculpture Park
- Amazon Seeds - Instituto Socioambiental | Fábio Nascimento
- Sculpture Park - © MUSAN / Gorka Leclercq
A Space Balloon Prepares for Passengers
- Recycled Concrete Bridge - EPFL
- Space Balloon - Space Perspective
Rare Twin Pandas Are Born
- Robot Snake - Kamilo Melo, BIOROB - EPFL
- Twin Pandas - (c) ZooParc de Beauval
Artificial Clouds Help Protect Coral
- Protecting Coral - Southern Cross University
NASA Investigates a Metallic Asteroid
- Whale Snot - (C) 2021 Ocean Alliance, whale.org
- Metallic Asteroid - NASA | Psyche Mission | NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/Scientific Visualization Studio
- Parrot Beak - Patrick Wood
Microscopic Photos of Natural Worlds
- Regenerated Land - Business Insider | Emily Harger
- Rare Angel Shark - Jake Davies, JD Scuba
- Microscopic Photos - Nikon Small World | Alison Pollack | Dr. Amy Engevik | Dr. Bernardo Cesare |
Dr. Tong Zhang & Dr. Paul Stoodley | Jason Kirk & Carlos P. Flores Suarez |
Martin Kaae Kristiansen | Paula Diaz | Sergii Dymchenko | Jason Kirk
Fishing Nets Recycled into Skateboards
- Bureo Inc.
- Costa del Mar
- Patagonia Works
Reintroducing Jaguars into Argentina
- Boston Dynamics
- Fundación Rewilding Argentina
- Parques Nacionales Argentina
How Can We Fight Plastic Pollution?
- EPFL
- Jamani Caillet
- Plastic Clearing Boats
- Yusuke Shigeta
- Culture Gate to Japan
Would You Travel to Space?
- Little Fireface Project
- Virgin Galactic
- The Plasticity Lab
Would You Eat Shape-Shifting Pasta?
- University College London
- Justdiggit
- Shape-Shifting Pasta
Cameras for Wandering Elephants
- ZSL
- Colchester Zoo
- Orbital Assembly Corporation
Celebrating Funny Images of Wildlife
- Comedy Wildlife Photography Awards 2019
- Abu-Galy, Queen of Smile (kingfisher)
- Andre Erlich, Pair Ice Skating (penguins)
- Andy Harris, Sea Otter Tickle Fight
- Barry Chapman, Waving Polar Bear Cub
- Bob Riach, The Photographer at Work (squirrels)
- David Steeves, Diva Duck
- Eric Fisher, The Bear Necessities
- Hasan Baglar, Show-Time (praying mantises)
- Mike Rowe, Deer...What Deer?
- Nicola Beyfus, Dad tells off the Kids (sea lions)
- Robert Palmer, Burrowing Owlets
- Roie Galitz, Space-Man (snow monkey)
Giraffes Inherit Their Spots
- Lee DE, Cavener DR, Bond ML. (2018) Seeing spots: quantifying
mother-offspring similarity and assessing fitness consequences
of coat pattern traits in a wild population of giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis)
PeerJ 6:e5690 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5690
A Tiger Boom in Nepal
- Kyxz Mendiola
Meet the Caterpillars Eating Plastic
- NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research, Mountains in the Deep: Exploring the Central Pacific Basin
- Kitty Hawk Corporation
- Kazuya Saito, Shuhei Nomura, Shuhei Yamamoto, Ryuma Niyama, and Yoji Okabe
Scientists Study Whales in Antarctica
- Florida Keys News Bureau
- MAXCOMM
- IMAS (Institute for Marine